On the Sublime by Longinus – Kitab Mahal

On the Sublime is an ancient literary treatise attributed to Longinus, one of the most significant works in classical rhetorical criticism. It addresses the concept of "sublimity" in literature, art, and speech, exploring how works of great power and beauty evoke emotions and elevate the human spirit. Longinus examines the qualities that create sublime works, such as grandeur, passion, and nobility, while also discussing the dangers of excessive rhetoric and the importance of maintaining a balance. This work remains highly influential in the study of aesthetics and literary criticism.

Key Points

1. Definition of the Sublime
   Longinus defines sublimity as the ability of language and art to move the audience emotionally, evoking awe and admiration, often beyond ordinary experience.

2. Qualities of Sublime Writing
   The treatise identifies five key sources of sublimity in writing: great thoughts, strong emotions, figures of speech, noble diction, and a dignified arrangement of words.

3. Power of Inspiration
   Longinus emphasizes that the sublime arises not from technical skill alone but from inspiration and the innate power of the writer or speaker to stir emotions.

4. Danger of Excessive Rhetoric
   While recognizing the power of rhetorical techniques, Longinus warns against overuse, which can lead to artificiality and loss of impact.

5. The Role of the Audience
   The audience plays a crucial role in experiencing the sublime; the impact of a sublime work depends on their capacity to engage with the emotional depth and grandeur of the work.